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Malay/Indonesian

Contents

Comparison table of Malay/Indonesian letters and hangul

This is an unofficial translation. See the original in Korean on the National Institute of the Korean Language website.

Consonants

LetterHangul: before vowelHangul: before consonant or word-finalExamples
bbp, 브 beuBali 발리 Balli, Abdul 압둘 Apdul, Najib 나집 Najip, Bromo 브로모 Beuromo
cchcheuCeto 체토 Cheto, Aceh 아체 Ache, Mac 마츠 Macheu
ddt, 드 deuDenpasar 덴파사르 Denpasareu, Ahmad 아맛 Amat, Idris 이드리스 Ideuriseu
fppFuji 푸지 Puji, Arifin 아리핀 Aripin, Jusuf 유숩 Yusup
ggk, 그 geugamelan 가믈란 gameullan, gudeg 구득 gudeuk, Nugroho 누그로호 Nugeuroho
hHalmahera 할마헤라 Halmahera, Johor 조호르 Johoreu, Ipoh 이포 Ipo
jjjeuJambi 잠비 Jambi, Majapahit 마자파힛 Majapahit, mikraj 미크라즈 mikeurajeu
kkk, 크 keuKalimantan 칼리만탄 Kallimantan, batik 바틱 batik, Krakatau 크라카타우 Keurakatau
khhk, 크 keukhas 하스 haseu, akhbar 악바르 akbareu, Fakhrudin 파크루딘 Pakeurudin
lr, ㄹㄹ lllLombok 롬복 Rombok, Palembang 팔렘방 Pallembang, Bangsal 방살 Bangsal
mmmMaluku 말루쿠 Malluku, bemo 베모 bemo, Iram 이람 Iram
nnnNias 니아스 Niaseu, Sukarno 수카르노 Sukareuno, Prambanan 프람바난 Peurambanan
ngeungngNgarai 응아라이 Eung’arai, bonang 보낭 bonang, Bandung 반둥 Bandung
ppp, 프 peuPadang 파당 Padang, Yap 얍 Yap, Suprana 수프라나 Supeurana
qkkfurqan 푸르칸 pureukan, Taufiq 타우픽 Taupik
rrreuringgit 링깃 ringgit, Rendra 렌드라 Rendeura, asar 아사르 asareu
ssseuSabah 사바 Saba, Brastagi 브라스타기 Beuraseutagi, Gemas 게마스 Gemaseu
ttt, 트 teuTimor 티모르 Timoreu, Jakarta 자카르타 Jakareuta, Rahmat 라맛 Ramat, Trisno 트리스노 Teuriseuno
vbValina 발리나 Ballina, Eva 에바 Eba, Lovina 로비나 Robina
xsxenon 세논 senon
zjjeuzakat 자캇 jakat, Azlan 아즐란 Ajeullan, Haz 하즈 Hajeu

Semivowel

LetterHangulExamples
wo, 우 uWamena 와메나 Wamena, Badawi 바다위 Badawi
yiYudhoyono 유도요노 Yudoyono, Surabaya 수라바야 Surabaya

Vowels

LetterHangulExamples
aaAmbon 암본 Ambon, sate 사테 sate, Pancasila 판차실라 Panchasilla
ee, 으 euEnde 엔데 Ende, Ampenan 암페난 Ampenan, Pane 파네 Pane, empat 음팟 eumpat, besar 브사르 beusareu, gendang 근당 geundang
iiIbrahim 이브라힘 Ibeurahim, Biak 비악 Biak, trimurti 트리무르티 teurimureuti
ooOdalan 오달란 Odallan, Barong 바롱 Barong, komodo 코모도 komodo
uuUbud 우붓 Ubut, kulit 쿨릿 kullit, Dampu 담푸 Dampu

Diphthongs

LetterHangulExamples
ai아이 auain 아인 ain, Rais 라이스 Raiseu, Jelai 즐라이 Jeullai
au아우 auaula 아울라 aulla, Maumere 마우메레 Maumere, Riau 리아우 Riau
oi오이 oiAmboina 암보이나 Amboina, boikot 보이콧 boikot

Transcription of Malay/Indonesian

This is an unofficial translation. See the original in Korean on the National Institute of the Korean Language website.

Follow the table and transcribe according to the following specificities.

  1.  
    • Write plosives before liquids and nasals with 으 eu attached.
      • Prambanan 프람바난 Peurambanan
      • Trisno 트리스노 Teuriseuno
      • Ibrahim 이브라힘 Ibeurahim
      • Fakhrudin 파크루딘 Pakeurudin
      • Tasikmalaya 타시크말라야 Tasikeumallaya
      • Supratman 수프라트만 Supeurateuman
  2.  
    • Write ‘sy’ as 샤 sya, 셰 sye, 시 si, 쇼 syo, 슈 syu, etc. combined with the following vowel. Write ‘sh’ in the old spelling the same way as ‘sy’.
      • Syarwan 샤르완 Syareuwan
      • Paramesywara 파라메시와라 Paramesiwara
      • Syed 솃 Syet
      • Shah 샤 Sya
  3.  
    • Write ‘dj’ and ‘tj’ in the old Indonesian spelling the same way as ‘j, c’ in the new spelling.
      • Djakarta 자카르타 Jakareuta
      • Jakarta 자카르타 Jakareuta
      • Banda Atjeh 반다아체 Bandaache
      • Banda Aceh 반다아체 Bandaache
  4.  
    • Write ‘j’ and ‘sj’ in the old Indonesian spelling the same way as ‘y, sy’ in the new spelling.
      • Jusuf 유숩 Yusup
      • Yusuf 유숩 Yusup
      • Sjarifuddin 샤리푸딘 Syaripudin
      • Syarifuddin 샤리푸딘 Syaripudin
  5.  
    • Write ‘bh’ and ‘dh’ in the old Indonesian spelling the same way as ‘b, d’ in the new spelling.
      • Bhinneka 비네카 Bineka
      • Binneka 비네카 Bineka
      • Yudhoyono 유도요노 Yudoyono
      • Yudoyono 유도요노 Yudoyono
  6.  
    • Write ‘ch’ in the old Indonesian spelling the same way as ‘kh’ in the new spelling.
      • Chairil 하이릴 Hairil
      • Khairil 하이릴 Hairil
      • Bacharuddin 바하루딘 Baharudin
      • Bakharuddin 바하루딘 Baharudin
  7.  
    • Write ‘ch’ in the old Malay spelling the same way as ‘c’ in the new spelling.
      • Changi 창이 Chang’i
      • Cangi 창이 Chang’i
      • Kuching 쿠칭 Kuching
      • Kucing 쿠칭 Kuching
  8.  
    • Write ‘gh, th’ of Malay spelling the same way as ‘g, t’.
      • Ghazali 가잘리 Gajalli
      • baligh 발릭 ballik
      • Mahathir 마하티르 Mahatireu (Malay spelling)
      • Gazali 가잘리 Gajalli
      • balig 발릭 ballik
      • Mahatir 마하티르 Mahatireu (Indonesian spelling)
  9.  
    • Write word-medial ‘l’ as ㄹㄹ ll before a vowel.
      • Palembang 팔렘방 Pallembang
      • Malik 말릭 Mallik
  10.  
    • When a consonant is doubled, write it only once.
      • Hasanuddin 하사누딘 Hasanudin
      • Mohammad 모하맛 Mohamat
      • Mappanre 마판레 Mapan-re → Mapalle
      • Bukittinggi 부키팅기 Bukitinggi
  11.  
    • Write the semivowel ‘w’ as 와 wa, 웨 we, etc. combined with the following vowel. When [w] comes after a consonant, divide them into two syllables, but if the consonant ‘k’ is in front then write together as one syllable, as 콰 kwa, 퀘 kwe, etc.
      • Megawati 메가와티 Megawati
      • Anwar 안와르 Anwareu
      • kwartir 콰르티르 kwareutireu
      • kweni 퀘니 kweni
  12.  
    • Write the semivowel ‘y’ as 야 ya, 예 ye, etc. combined with the following vowel, and if there is a preceding consonant, combine with that consonant as well. However, if ‘g’ or ‘k’ comes before ‘y’, do not combine and only combine with the following vowel.
      • Yadnya 야드냐 Yadeunya
      • tanya 타냐 tanya
      • satya 사탸 satya
      • Yogyakarta 욕야카르타 Yok-yakareuta → Yogyakareuta
  13.  
    • As ‘e’ can be either [e] or [ə], verify the pronunciation and write [e] as 에 e and [ə] as 으 eu. However, when the ‘e’ in ‘ye’ is [ə], write the ‘ye’ as 여 yeo.
      • Ampenan 암페난 Ampenan
      • sate 사테 sate
      • Cirebon 치르본 Chireubon
      • kecapi 크차피 keuchapi
      • Yeh Sani 예사니 Yesani
      • Nyepi 녀피 Nyeopi
  14.  
    • When a vowel is doubled, write it only once.
      • Pandaan 판단 Pandan
      • saat 삿 sat
  15.  
    • Write the vowel digraphs ‘oe, ie’ in the old Indonesian spelling the same way as ‘u, i’ in the new spelling, as 우 u, 이 i.
      • Bandoeng 반둥 Bandung
      • Bandung 반둥 Bandung
      • Habibie 하비비 Habibi
      • Habibi 하비비 Habibi

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