Contents
Comparison table of Vietnamese letters and hangul
This is an unofficial translation. See the original in Korean on the National Institute of the Korean Language website.Consonants
| Letter | Hangul: before vowel | Hangul: before consonant or word-final | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| b | ㅂ b | — | Bao 바오 Bao, bo 보 bo |
| c, k, q | ㄲ kk | ㄱ k | cao 까오 kkao, khac 칵 kak, kiêt 끼엣 kkiet, lăk 락 rak, quan 꽌 kkwan |
| ch | ㅉ jj | ㄱ k | cha 짜 jja, bach 박 bak |
| d, gi | ㅈ j | — | duc 죽 juk, Dương 즈엉 Jeueong, gia 자 ja, giây 저이 jeoi |
| đ | ㄷ d | — | đan 단 dan, đinh 딘 din |
| g, gh | ㄱ g | — | gai 가이 gai, go 고 go, ghe 개 gae, ghi 기 gi |
| h | ㅎ h | — | hai 하이 hai, hoa 호아 hoa |
| kh | ㅋ k | — | Khai 카이 Kai, khi 키 ki |
| l | ㄹ r, ㄹㄹ ll | — | lâu 러우 reou, long 롱 rong, My Lay 밀라이 Millai |
| m | ㅁ m | ㅁ m | minh 민 min, măm 맘 mam, tôm 똠 ttom |
| n | ㄴ n | ㄴ n | Nam 남 Nam, non 논 non, bun 분 bun |
| ng, ngh | 응 eung | ㅇ ng | ngo 응오 eung’o, ang 앙 ang, đông 동 dong, nghi 응이 eung’i, nghê 응에 eung’e |
| nh | 니 ni | ㄴ n | nhât 녓 nyeot, nhơn 년 nyeon, minh 민 min, anh 아인 ain |
| p | ㅃ pp | ㅂ p | put 뿟 pput, chap 짭 jjap |
| ph | ㅍ p | — | Pham 팜 Pam, phơ 퍼 peo |
| r | ㄹ r | — | rang 랑 rang, rôi 로이 roi |
| s | ㅅ s | — | sang 상 sang, so 소 so |
| t | ㄸ tt | ㅅ t | tam 땀 ttam, têt 뗏 ttet, hat 핫 hat |
| th | ㅌ t | — | thao 타오 tao, thu 투 tu |
| tr | ㅉ jj | — | Trân 쩐 Jjeon, tre 째 jjae |
| v | ㅂ b | — | vai 바이 bai, vu 부 bu |
| x | ㅆ ss | — | xanh 싸인 ssain, xeo 쌔오 ssae’o |
Vowels
| Letter | Hangul | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| a | 아 a | an 안 an, nam 남 nam |
| ă | 아 a | ăn 안 an, Đăng 당 Dang, măc 막 mak |
| â | 어 eo | ân 언 eon, cân 껀 kkeon, lâu 러우 reou |
| e | 애 ae | em 앰 aem, cheo 째오 jjae’o |
| ě | 에 e | êm 엠 em, chê 쩨 jje, Huê 후에 Hue |
| i | 이 i | in 인 in, dai 자이 jai |
| y | 이 i | yên 옌 yen, quy 꾸이 kku’i |
| o | 오 o | ong 옹 ong, bo 보 bo |
| ô | 오 o | ôm 옴 om, đông 동 dong |
| ơ | 어 eo | ơn 언 eon, sơn 선 seon, mơi 머이 meoi |
| u | 우 u | um 움 um, cung 꿍 kkung |
| ư | 으 eu | ưn 은 eun, tư 뜨 tteu |
Diphthongs
| Letter | Hangul | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| ia | 이어 ieo | kia 끼어 kkieo, ria 리어 rieo |
| iê | 이에 ie | chiêng 찌엥 jjieng, diêm 지엠 jiem |
| ua | 우어 ueo | lua 루어 rueo, mua 무어 mueo |
| uô | 우오 uo | buôn 부온 buon, quôc 꾸옥 kkuok |
| ưa | 으어 eueo | cưa 끄어 kkeueo, mưa 므어 meueo, sưa 스어 seueo |
| ươ | 으어 eueo | rươu 르어우 reueou, phương 프엉 peueong |
Transcription of Vietnamese
This is an unofficial translation. See the original in Korean on the National Institute of the Korean Language website.Follow the table and transcribe according to the following specificities.
-
- Combine ‘nh’ with the following vowel and write as one syllable. Write as syllable coda ㄴ n word-finally or before a consonant, but if the preceding vowel is ‘a’, write as 아인 ain in combination with the ‘a’.
- Nha Trang 냐짱 Nyajjang
- Hô Chi Minh 호찌민 Hojjimin
- Thanh Hoa 타인호아 Tainhoa
- Đông Khanh 동카인 Dongkain
- Combine ‘nh’ with the following vowel and write as one syllable. Write as syllable coda ㄴ n word-finally or before a consonant, but if the preceding vowel is ‘a’, write as 아인 ain in combination with the ‘a’.
-
- If the vowel that follows ‘qu’ is ‘a’, combine and write as 꽈 kkwa.
- Quang 꽝 Kkwang
- hat quan ho 핫꽌호 hatkkwanho
- Quôc 꾸옥 Kkuok
- Quyên 꾸옌 Kkuyen
- If the vowel that follows ‘qu’ is ‘a’, combine and write as 꽈 kkwa.
-
- Combine ‘y’ with the following vowel and write as one syllable.
- yên 옌 yen
- Nguyên 응우옌 Eung’uyen
- Combine ‘y’ with the following vowel and write as one syllable.
-
- Write word-medial ‘l’ as ㄹㄹ ll before a vowel.
- klông put 끌롱뿟 kkeullongpput
- Pleiku 쁠래이꾸 Ppeullaeikku
- Ha Long 할롱 Hallong
- My Lay 밀라이 Millai
- However, treat the surname and given name in the name of people as separate words and do not apply this rule.
- Thê Lư 테르 Tereu
- Chê Lan Viên 쩨란비엔 Jjeranbien
- Write word-medial ‘l’ as ㄹㄹ ll before a vowel.
Loanword Transcription Rules |